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The NWSL’s 2023 secondary window included 16 player signings and just one intra-league trade (non-player related). Comparatively, 2024 exploded with movement, 31 new player signings—free agency, transfers, and loans—and 11 trades—most of which included player movement.

Chart 1: Incoming/Outgoing Player Movement

1. Utah Royals

After the Olympic restart, Utah won six, drew one, and lost four, a dramatic turn from their start to the season in which 16 matches they only won twice, drew thrice, and lost a lot more. During the secondary window the Royals added Japanese midfielder Mina Tanaka, Spanish midfielder Claudia Zornoza, and Canadian forward Cloé Lacasse. Part of the drastic differences in outcomes can be attributed to the Royals new additions of players with international experience and years of professional experience, but part of it was also the mid-season coaching change which happened right before the Olympic break and the complexity that comes from being an expansion team needing to find their identity. 

2. Kansas City Current

Although the Current only lost once in the first 16 matches of the season, they had 22 goals against in that period, averaging almost 1.4 goals per game against. During the Secondary Window, the Current signed German goalkeeper Almuth Schult, and made two big trades for defenders. First they acquired centerback Alana Cook from Seattle for $40k allocation money and $75k intra-league transfer funds, with an additional $25k in intra-league transfer funds being sent to the Reign if incentive based requirements are met. With just days left in the window, the Current traded goalkeeper Jordan Silkowitz and $15k allocation funds to Bay FC in return for centerback Kayla Sharples. Once the team returned to the regular season post-Olympics, the squad only allowed nine goals in 10 matches. The newly acquired trio quickly became the core of the defense and started together throughout the playoffs. 

3. North Carolina Courage

The Courage got started early with the secondary signings, getting the Australian duo of forward Cortnee Vine and defender Charlotte McLean signed to multi-year contracts in mid-June ahead of the window opening. (Free Agents can sign at any time, but in order to play the Secondary Window needed to officially open in order to accept their International Transfer Certificates). North Carolina also made midfielder Manaka Matsukubo’s loan a permanent transfer, adding to the strength of the midfield for the back-half of the regular season. The Courage also added 19-year old Brazilian forward Aline Gomes and traded Gotham for 2024 first-round draft pick Maycee Bell. 

4. Bay FC

The expansion-side didn’t start being active in the secondary window until there were just five days left, but that didn’t stop them from making big moves. First, they acquired defender Abby Dahlkemper from the San Diego Wave for $50k in allocation funds. Then they traded defender Kayla Sharples to Kansas City in return for goalkeeper Jordan Silkowitz and $15k allocation money. Lastly, on the final day of the window, Bay traded for forward Penelope Hocking from Chicago Stars for $250k in transfer funds in 2024, and $100k in 2025. Bay FC ended up becoming the second-ever expansion side to qualify for playoffs in their inaugural season. 

5. Chicago Stars

The Red Stars had two player additions in the secondary window, the signing of Canadian midfielder Julia Grosso – who had just spent two and a half seasons with Italian-side Juventus – and Brazilian forward Ludmila - who had just completed her seventh season with Spanish-side Atletico Madrid. On top of impressive club careers, both players have impressive international experience to bring to the squad as well. Chicago’s consistency throughout the season oscillated, especially with the loss of Sam Staab due to a SEI mid-June. With their first offseason in Chicago under their belts, it’ll be fun to watch. 

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